Système de Surveillance Thermique Scolaire : Précis, Temps Réel et Sécurisé

Composants et Fournitures

Pycom SiPy (Sigfox + MicroPython)	×	1
Raspberry Pi 3 Modèle B	×	1
Arduino Nano R3	×	1
Convertisseur de Niveau Logique Bidirectionnel (SparkFun)	×	1
Module RFID RC522 (NFC)	×	1
Capteur Distance Sharp GP2Y0A41SK0F (4-30 cm, analogique)	×	1
Capteur Température MLX90614-DCI (I2C)	×	1
Écran LCD I2C 16×2 (DFRobot)	×	1
LED + Résistance 330 Ω (×2)	×	2
Buzzer	×	1

Logiciels et Services

• Arduino IDE
• Visual Studio Code + extension Pymakr (pour SiPy)
• ThingSpeak API (plateforme IoT)
• IFTTT (automatisation email)
• PuTTY, IDLE IDE

À Propos du Projet

Problématique

En Asie, météo chaude + antécédents SRAS 2003 → mesures de température trimestrielles obligatoires en école primaire/secondaire. Problèmes : thermomètres personnels oubliés/cassés/perdus, interdiction de partage (hygiène), coût d'achat. Saisie manuelle fastidieuse pour les enseignants (~40 élèves/classe).

Solution : Système Automatisé

Thème : Impact Social (SqwidNet) / Objectif Développement Durable « Bonne santé et bien-être ».

Mesure automatique de température pour utilisateurs authentifiés (badge RFID), alerte si seuil dépassé.

Architecture : Raspberry Pi + Arduino

• Raspberry Pi : Programme Python + Base MySQL (création auto tables si absent). Attend données via port série.
• Arduino Nano : Lecture badge RFID → envoi ID au Pi → Pi valide utilisateur en BDD → réponse → Arduino affiche « Bienvenue, Prénom » sur LCD.
• Prise température : Capteur distance détecte présence → capteur IR MLX90614 mesure → affichage LCD + envoi Pi (MySQL) + SiPy (Sigfox → ThingSpeak).
• Synchronisation (Handshaking) : Arduino et Pi s'échangent signaux « READY » / « RECEIVED » pour synchroniser les échanges série asynchrones.

Architecture : Sigfox (SiPy)

SiPy reçoit données série de l'Arduino (userID, température partie entière, partie décimale), envoie en bytes (0-255) vers backend Sigfox → rappel ThingSpeak via callback.

Payload personnalisé : userID, temp_entière, temp_décimale. Configuration callback ThingSpeak dans backend Sigfox (Device Type → Device → CALLBACKS).

Cloud : ThingSpeak + IFTTT

• Canal 1 (Privé) : Données brutes Sigfox (température en 2 champs)
• Analyse MATLAB (déclenchée par React sur insertion données) : combine température, transfère vers Canal 2 (Public) avec userID + tableau auto-mis-à-jour
• Si température ≥ 38°C → déclenchement Webhook IFTTT → email d'alerte au personnel

Câblage Arduino Nano (Pinout = Uno)

Module	Pins
RFID RC522	SDA D10, SCK D13, MOSI D11, MISO D12, IRQ NC, GND, RST D9, 3.3V
LCD I2C	SDA A4, SCL A5, GND, 5V
Capteur Distance	5V, GND, Signal A0
Buzzer	GND, Signal D6
Capteur Temp IR	SDA A4, SCL A5, GND, 5V
LED	Cathode GND, Anode D7

Installation Raspberry Pi

1. Flasher Raspbian (balenaEtcher) sur carte SD
2. Configuration initiale (HDMI), activer SSH/VNC via raspi-config
3. IP statique optionnelle via /etc/dhcpcd.conf
4. Installer : apache2, php, mariadb-server php-mysql
5. Créer utilisateur root MySQL sécurisé (DROP USER 'root'@'localhost'; CREATE USER ... GRANT ALL ... FLUSH PRIVILEGES)
6. Installer phpMyAdmin

Configuration SiPy (Expansion Board 2.0)

1. Insérer SiPy sur board (bouton reset vers USB)
2. Mise à jour firmware (outil Pycom, choisir région RCZ4 pour Asie)
3. Récupérer Device ID et PAC number via code MicroPython
4. Enregistrer sur backend Sigfox (choisir pays → entrer ID/PAC → créer compte)
5. Test envoi : s.send(bytes([1..12]))

Configuration Cloud (ThingSpeak + IFTTT)

1. IFTTT : Webhooks (Receive web request, event « fever ») → Email (valeurs {{Value1}}, {{Value2}})
2. ThingSpeak : 2 canaux (Privé + Public)
3. React sur canal privé : condition champ 3 (userID) ≠ 0 → Action MATLAB Analysis
4. MATLAB : combine température, écrit sur canal public, si ≥38°C → webwrite vers URL IFTTT

Codes Sources

Arduino Nano (C/C++)

/* 90% codé par Aden (astero.me), 10% libs open-source (RFID, MLX90614) */
#include <SPI.h>
#include <MFRC522.h>
#include <LiquidCrystal_I2C.h>
#include <Wire.h>
#include <SoftwareSerial.h>
#include <Adafruit_MLX90614.h>

#define RST_PIN 9
#define SS_PIN 10
#define BUZZER_PIN 7
#define LED_PIN 6
#define DIST_SENSE_PIN A0

MFRC522 mfrc522(SS_PIN, RST_PIN);
LiquidCrystal_I2C lcd(0x27, 16, 2);
Adafruit_MLX90614 mlx = Adafruit_MLX90614();
SoftwareSerial unoSerial(2, 3); // Vers SiPy

boolean tapped = true;
boolean confirmation = false;

String GetUID() {
  String uid = "", uid_nospace = "";
  for (byte i = 0; i < mfrc522.uid.size; i++) {
    uid.concat(String(mfrc522.uid.uidByte[i] < 0x10 ? " 0" : " "));
    uid.concat(String(mfrc522.uid.uidByte[i], HEX));
  }
  uid_nospace.concat(uid.charAt(1)); uid_nospace.concat(uid.charAt(2));
  uid_nospace.concat(uid.charAt(4)); uid_nospace.concat(uid.charAt(5));
  uid_nospace.concat(uid.charAt(7)); uid_nospace.concat(uid.charAt(8));
  uid_nospace.concat(uid.charAt(10)); uid_nospace.concat(uid.charAt(11));
  return uid_nospace;
}

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(9600);
  while (!confirmation) { Serial.println("ARDUINO"); confirmation = Serial.readString() == "RAPI"; delay(1000); }
  SPI.begin(); mfrc522.PCD_Init(); mlx.begin(); unoSerial.begin(9600);
  pinMode(BUZZER_PIN, OUTPUT); pinMode(LED_PIN, OUTPUT);
  lcd.init(); lcd.backlight();
}

void loop() {
  boolean readySignal = Serial.readString() == "READY";
  if (readySignal) { tapped = true; Serial.println("RECEIVED"); }

  if (tapped) {
    digitalWrite(BUZZER_PIN, 0); digitalWrite(LED_PIN, 0); lcd.clear();
    lcd.setCursor(0,0); lcd.print(" Please tap");
    lcd.setCursor(0,1); lcd.print(" your card.");
    delay(500); tapped = false;
  } else {
    if (!mfrc522.PICC_IsNewCardPresent()) return;
    if (!mfrc522.PICC_ReadCardSerial()) return;
    
    String card_UID = GetUID(); card_UID.toUpperCase();
    Serial.print(card_UID); Serial.print("\n");
    
    String rawData = Serial.readString();
    int commaPos = rawData.indexOf(',');
    String userInitial = rawData.substring(0, commaPos);
    int userID = rawData.substring(commaPos + 1).toInt();
    
    lcd.clear();
    if (userID != 0 && userInitial != "0") {
      lcd.setCursor(0,0); lcd.print("Welcome, ");
      lcd.setCursor(0,1); lcd.print(userInitial);
      
      int dist_val = analogRead(DIST_SENSE_PIN);
      byte temp_H = 0, temp_L = 0;
      float meas_temp = 0.0;
      delay(2000);
      
      while ((dist_val < 170) || (dist_val > 200)) {
        dist_val = analogRead(DIST_SENSE_PIN);
        lcd.setCursor(0,0); lcd.print("Please take");
        lcd.setCursor(0,1); lcd.print("your temperature.");
      }
      
      digitalWrite(BUZZER_PIN, 1); digitalWrite(LED_PIN, 1); lcd.clear();
      meas_temp = (float)mlx.readObjectTempC();
      temp_H = floor(meas_temp);
      temp_L = (meas_temp - temp_H) * 100;
      
      String sMeasTemp = ""; sMeasTemp += userID; sMeasTemp += ","; sMeasTemp += temp_H; sMeasTemp += ","; sMeasTemp += temp_L;
      
      Serial.println("TEMP"); Serial.println(meas_temp);
      
      if ((meas_temp >= 28) && (meas_temp <= 42)) {
        unoSerial.print(sMeasTemp); // Vers SiPy
        lcd.setCursor(0,0); lcd.print("Temperature: ");
        lcd.setCursor(0,1); lcd.print(" " + String(meas_temp));
      }
    } else {
      lcd.setCursor(0,0); lcd.print("Error!");
      lcd.setCursor(0,1); lcd.print("Invalid User.");
    }
    
    rawData = Serial.readString();
    commaPos = rawData.indexOf(',');
    userInitial = rawData.substring(0, commaPos);
    if (userInitial == "0") {
      lcd.clear(); lcd.setCursor(0,0); lcd.print("Error!");
      lcd.setCursor(0,1); lcd.print("Invalid Temperature.");
    }
    Serial.println("STANDBY"); delay(1000);
    mfrc522.PICC_HaltA(); mfrc522.PCD_StopCrypto1();
  }
}

Raspberry Pi (Python)

''' Codé par Aden pour Hackster.io Sigfox Competition. astero.me '''
import mysql.connector, serial, os, time

host = "localhost"; user = "root"; password = "password"; databaseName = "smartTemp"
comPort = 'ttyUSB0'; baudRate = 9600

def queryConnection():
    cursor = conn.cursor(buffered=True)
    cursor.execute("USE `" + databaseName + "`")
    return cursor

conn = mysql.connector.connect(host=host, user=user, passwd=password)
ser = serial.Serial('/dev/' + comPort, baudRate, timeout=0)

# Confirmation port série Arduino
connected = False
for x in range(2):
    time.sleep(2); ser.write("RAPI")
    if not connected:
        if ser.readline().strip() == "ARDUINO": comPort = 'ttyUSB0'; connected = True
        else: comPort = 'ttyUSB1'; connected = True
ser = serial.Serial('/dev/' + comPort, baudRate)
print("COM PORT confirmed: " + comPort)

countFile = open("count.txt", "a++")
cursor = queryConnection()

# Création BDD + tables
try:
    cursor.execute("CREATE DATABASE " + databaseName)
    print("Database created.")
except: print("Database exists.")

cursor.execute("CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `userInfo` (id int, cardID VARCHAR(9), userID VARCHAR(4), userInitial VARCHAR(8))")
cursor.execute("CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `tempData` (id int, userID VARCHAR(4), dateMeas date, timeMeas time, tempMeasure decimal(5,2))")

count = 1
if os.stat("count.txt").st_size != 0:
    for line in countFile: count = int(line)
    print("Count restored: " + str(count))

while True:
    cursor = queryConnection()
    cardID = str(ser.readline().strip())
    cursor.execute("SELECT * FROM userInfo WHERE cardID = '" + cardID + "'")
    items = cursor.fetchone()
    
    if items:
        userID = str(items[2])
        userDetails = str(items[3] + ", " + items[2])
        currentDate = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d", time.gmtime())
        currentTime = time.strftime("%H:%M:%S", time.gmtime())
        ser.write(userDetails.encode())
        
        tempSignal = False
        while not tempSignal:
            tempSignal = ser.readline().strip() == "TEMP"
            tempData = float(ser.readline().strip())
            print(tempData)
            if 28 <= tempData <= 42:
                cursor.execute("INSERT INTO `tempData` VALUES (" + str(count) + ", '" + userID + "', '" + currentDate + "', '" + currentTime + "', '" + str(tempData) + "')")
                conn.commit(); count += 1
                countFile = open("count.txt", 'w'); countFile.write(str(count))
            else:
                ser.write(b"0, 0")
    else:
        ser.write(b", 0"); print("Nothing found")
    
    # Handshake
    readySignal = ser.readline().strip() == "STANDBY"
    while readySignal:
        ser.write(b"READY"); print("sending")
        if ser.readline().strip() == "RECEIVED": readySignal = False; print("received")
    
    cursor.close(); conn.close()

SiPy / MicroPython

''' 100% par Reginald '''
from machine import UART
from network import Sigfox
import binascii, socket, time, pycom, sys

pycom.heartbeat(False)
sigfox = Sigfox(mode=Sigfox.SIGFOX, rcz=Sigfox.RCZ4)  # RCZ4 = Asie

uart1 = UART(1, baudrate=9600)
uart1.init(9600, bits=8, parity=None, stop=1, pins=('P3', 'P4'), timeout_chars=20)

while True:
    try:
        recv = uart1.readline()
        if recv:
            print(binascii.hexlify(sigfox.id()))
            print(binascii.hexlify(sigfox.pac()))
            
            sk1 = socket.socket(socket.AF_SIGFOX, socket.SOCK_RAW)
            sk1.setblocking(False)
            sk1.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SIGFOX, socket.SO_RX, False)
            
            dataList = recv.decode("utf-8")
            print("dataList: %s" % dataList)
            split_val = dataList.split(",")
            userID = int(split_val[0])
            temp_H = int(split_val[1])
            temp_L = int(split_val[2])
            print("userID: %d temp_H: %d temp_L: %d" % (userID, temp_H, temp_L))
            
            bData = [userID, temp_H, temp_L]
            meas_temp = temp_H + (temp_L * 0.01)
            print("measure temperature: %.2f" % meas_temp)
            
            sk1.send(bytes(bData))
            sk1.close()
            time.sleep(5)
    except KeyboardInterrupt:
        sys.exit()

ThingSpeak – Script MATLAB

%% Par Aden pour Hackster.io Sigfox Competition. astero.me
readChannelID = 870479;
webhookTrigger = 'https://maker.ifttt.com/trigger/student_fever/with/key/...';
readAPIKey = 'QGHINBPNJQKULBH2';
writeChannelID = 870482;
writeAPIKey = 'R6NJIM8NT5A42R9N';

wholeNumber = thingSpeakRead(readChannelID, 'ReadKey', readAPIKey, 'Fields', 1);
decimalNumber = thingSpeakRead(readChannelID, 'ReadKey', readAPIKey, 'Fields', 2) / 100;
userID = thingSpeakRead(readChannelID, 'ReadKey', readAPIKey, 'Fields', 3);

analyzedData = wholeNumber + decimalNumber;
thingSpeakWrite(writeChannelID, 'Fields', [1,2], 'Values', {analyzedData, userID}, 'WriteKey', writeAPIKey);

if (analyzedData >= 38)
    webwrite(webhookTrigger, 'value1', analyzedData, 'value2', userID);
end

Schémas de Câblage